False memory

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False memory is a psychological phenomenon whereby an individual recalls an actual occurrence substantially differently from how it transpired or an event that never even happened.

Interference, leading questions, obsessive-compulsive disorder, false memory syndrome, and sleep deprivation can cause false memories.

False memory has manifold real-world implications ranging from false convictions in court proceedings to accidental manslaughter.

False memory could either be an entirely imaginary fabrication or a distorted recollection of an actual event. Moreover, false memories are distinct from simple errors in recollection.

Firstly, an individual who holds a false memory maintains some certitude in the veracity of the memory. Secondly, a false memory deals not with forgetting something that actually happened but with remembering what had never taken place.

[Black Orchid]

My kids do that sometimes. Their individual recollection of events is sometimes quite different to mine. I wonder which of us is afflicted?

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Hard to say unless there is some factual evidence that can not be faked.

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False memories can stem from a variety of sources.


Interference
The distortion of the memory of the original event by the new information can be described as retroactive interference.

Leading Questions
Misleading information is incorrect information given to the witness, usually after the event. It can have many sources, for example, the use of leading questions in police interviews, or it can be acquired by post-event discussion with other witnesses or other people.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
It is possible for individuals suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) to have memory deficits or poor confidence in their memories (Robinson, 2020).
This disorder, which can stem from the abnormal responses of certain brain regions to serotonin, is a condition characterized by irrational and excessive urges to act in certain ways as well as give into repetitive and unwanted thoughts.

False Memory Syndrome
False memory syndrome is a condition in which an individual’s identity and relationships are influenced by factually incorrect recollections which are, nonetheless, strongly believed.
This condition may result from the controversial recovered memory therapy, which utilizes various interviewing techniques such as hypnosis, sedative-hypnotic drugs, and guided imagery to supposedly help patients recover forgotten memories that are purportedly buried in their subconscious minds.

Sleep Deprivation (happened to me few times when in navy)
Sleep is considered to provide the optimum neurobiological conditions conducive to the consolidation of long-term memories.
Moreover, sleep deprivation is known to acutely impair the retrieval of stored recollections.

https://www.simplypsychology.org/false- ... e-Memories

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Fake news and false memory formation.

Fake news can generate memory distortions and influence people's behavior. Within the framework of the great debates, the tendency to generate false memories from fake news seems to be modulated by the ideological alignment of each individual. This effect has been observed mainly around issues involving large sectors of society, but little is known about its impact on smaller-scale discussions focused on more specific populations.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/a ... 2123000507